Effect Of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (CART) On Haematological Variables Among People Living With HIV Infection In Gombe, Gombe State, North East Nigeria
Keywords:
haematological variable, combination antiretroviral therapy, HIVAbstract
Background: Human immunodeficiency viral infection is known to cause haematological abnormalities and coagulopathies by various mechanisms, especially during its late course. Administration of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) could positively or negatively affect these haematological parameters. Thus, determination of the effect of cART on haematological variables is required early for initiation and monitoring of the disease.
Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of cART on haematological variables among people living with HIV infection (PLHIV) in Gombe, Gombe state, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A case control study design was conducted among 180 participants, 120 were PLHIV on cART and 60 treatment naïve controls. Blood samples were collected for CD4+ cell count, viral load and complete blood count (CBC) after obtaining informed consent; and a questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and clinical data. Results: People living with HIV infection on cART had significantly higher (p < 0.05) Hb (13.01 ± 1.9 vs. 11.2± 2.9g/dl), MCH (33.7 ± 5.0 vs. 28.7 ± 7.5pg), MCV (94.0 ± 11.1 vs. 81.4 ± 7.5fl), MCHC (35.6 ± 1.9 vs. 33.9 ± 3.6g/dl), and platelets (264.0 ± 106.0 vs. 245.6 ± 108.8 x109/L) than treatment naïve individuals. There was no statistically significant difference in WBC count between the two groups, neither was there a significant difference among the groups based on type of cART regimen.
Conclusion: This study confirms that, cART has positive impact on some haematological variables; thus, has the ability to reduce viral load and boost immune system of PLHIV. The different cART regimens had similar effects on the changes in the haematological variables
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